N., Kriegsfeld, L., Mah, C., Colwell, C., Zeitzer, J., Grandner, M., Jackson, C. P., Goel, N., Hogenesch, J., Van Gelder, R. O., Jang, R., Montero, A., Wright, K., Mouraine, P., Walker, M. C., Herzog, E., Brager, A., Poe, G., Allada, R., Scheer, F., Carskadon, M., de la Iglesia, H. The Negative Effects of Travel on Student Athletes Through Sleep and Circadian Disruption.Our data show how TgSwDI mice differ from WT mice in their baseline levels of cognitive function and beta-amyloid plaque load throughout their lives. Staining showed a smaller hippocampus and cerebellum starting at 8 months old for the TgSwDI compared to WT mice. Immunohistochemistry showed an exponential increase in beta-amyloid plaque in the hippocampus and cortex of TgSwDI mice over time, whereas there was no significant accumulation of plaque in WT mice at any age. The behavioral results show that TgSwDI mice exhibit deficits in their long-term spatial memory starting at 8 months old and in long-term recognition memory at all ages, but no deficits in their working memory. Thus, we use behavioral tests (T-Maze, Novel Object Recognition (NOR), Novel Object Location (NOL)) to study long-term and working memory, and immunostaining to study beta-amyloid plaque deposits, as well as brain size, in hippocampal, cerebellum, and cortical slices in TgSwDI and wild-type (WT) mice at 3, 5, 8, and 12 months old. TgSwDI is a well-studied transgenic mouse model of AD, but no longitudinal studies have been performed to characterize cognitive deficits or beta-amyloid plaque accumulation for use as a baseline reference in future research. It is neurochemically characterized by an aggregation of beta-amyloid plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles that result in neuronal dysfunction, cognitive decline, and a progressive loss of brain function. Other applications include reduction of symptoms in MS patients and going back to our original work, perioperative temperature management of human and veterinary patients.Īlzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that currently affects as many as 50 million people worldwide. and any other individuals who have to work in the high heat or while being encapsulated for protection from biological or radiological hazards. Additional applications include continuous cooling of workers in personal protection gear such as that worn by fire-fighters and hazmat workers. A commercial version of this technology is now used in athletics. Increasing work volume dramatically increases physical conditioning. Using such devices, the lab discovered that the major cause of muscle fatigue and failure is rise in temperature of the muscle, and extraction of heat leads to rapid recovery and continued work capacity. Subsequently the lab developed a technology to rapidly extract heat from the body through one or more of these surfaces. A resulting discovery was that the primary heat exchange body surfaces of humans are the glabrous skin of the palms, soles, and face. This work led to the development of a post-anesthesia method to rewarm patients. Heller has studied the brain control of body temperature in mammals for many years, much of it focused on hibernation. The second area of the Heller lab’s research is human temperature regulation. This work has led to the discovery of a previously unrecognized function of circadian rhythms that promotes the consolidation of memories during sleep. One of these compounds has already been in phase 2 clinical studies. This work has resulted in identification of a class of drugs that restores the ability to learn and remember in mouse models of Down syndrome. The focus in the first area of the lab’s work is on the learning disability of Down syndrome.

Heller’s laboratory currently works in two rather different areas: The roles of sleep and circadian rhythms in learning and memory, and human temperature regulation. Vice Provost for Undergraduate Educationĭr.Office of Vice President for Business Affairs and Chief Financial Officer.Office of VP for University Human Resources.Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment.Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research (SIEPR).Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine.Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI).Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering (ICME).Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies.Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability.

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